Home/All Topics/Impact Legislative and Policy Analysis Section 10310: Repayment of marketing loans Executive Summary Section 10310 changes how certain USDA marketing assistance loans are repaid, especially for rice, upland cotton, and extra long staple cotton. It amends Section 1204 of the Agricultural Act of 2014, codified at 7 U.S.C. 9034, by tying repayment more directly…

Home/All Topics/Impact Legislative and Policy Analysis Section 10309: Marketing loans Executive Summary Section 10309 extends and increases federal marketing assistance loan support for major agricultural commodities. It keeps nonrecourse marketing assistance loans available through the 2031 crop year, creates a new set of loan rates for the 2026 through 2031 crop years, continues loan deficiency…

Home/All Topics/Impact Legislative and Policy Analysis Section 10308: Adjusted gross income limitation Executive Summary Section 10308 changes the adjusted gross income rules for certain USDA farm program benefits. It does not create a new appropriation, grant program, tax credit, loan authority, or direct funding line. Instead, it creates an exception to the existing $900,000 average…

Home/All Topics/Impact Legislative and Policy Analysis Section 10307: Payment limitations Executive Summary Section 10307 raises the federal farm commodity program payment limitation from $0.125 million ($125,000) to $0.155 million ($155,000) for the covered payment categories in subsections 1001(b) and 1001(c) of the Food Security Act of 1985, and it requires USDA to adjust those limits…

Home/All Topics/Impact Legislative and Policy Analysis Section 10306: Equitable treatment of certain entities Executive Summary Section 10306 changes how USDA applies farm program payment limits to certain business entities. It expands the special pass-through treatment previously available to joint ventures and general partnerships so that partnerships, S corporations, and limited liability companies that are not…

Home/All Topics/Impact Legislative and Policy Analysis Section 10305: Agriculture risk coverage Executive Summary Section 10305 modifies the Agriculture Risk Coverage program, commonly called ARC, by extending ARC authority through the 2031 crop year and increasing the level of revenue protection available under the program for crop years 2025 through 2031.[1] The section raises the ARC…

Home/All Topics/Impact Legislative and Policy Analysis Section 10304: Price loss coverage Executive Summary Section 10304 extends the Price Loss Coverage program through the 2031 crop year by amending Section 1116 of the Agricultural Act of 2014.[1] It does not create a new standalone appropriation line or a separate grant program. Instead, it keeps an existing…

Home/All Topics/Impact Legislative and Policy Analysis Section 10303: Producer election Executive Summary Section 10303 changes how producers interact with the Agriculture Risk Coverage and Price Loss Coverage commodity safety-net programs for covered commodities. For the 2025 crop year, USDA must automatically pay producers the higher of the Price Loss Coverage payment or the Agriculture Risk…

Home/All Topics/Impact Legislative and Policy Analysis Section 10302: Base acres Executive Summary Section 10302 changes the farm commodity safety net by allowing USDA to add up to 30 million additional base acres to eligible farms beginning with the 2026 crop year.[1] Base acres matter because Agriculture Risk Coverage and Price Loss Coverage payments are generally…

Home/All Topics/Impact Legislative and Policy Analysis Section 10301: Effective reference price; reference price Executive Summary Section 10301 changes the commodity-program price floors used in federal farm safety-net programs. It raises statutory reference prices for covered commodities beginning with the 2025 crop year, changes the effective-reference-price formula by replacing 85 percent with 88 percent of the…

Home/All Topics/Impact Legislative and Policy Analysis Section 10201: Rescission of amounts for forestry Executive Summary Section 10201 rescinds unobligated balances from selected forestry appropriations originally enacted in the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. It does not repeal the underlying forestry statutes or programs. Instead, it cancels remaining unspent budget authority from specified portions of four…

Home/All Topics/Impact Legislative and Policy Analysis Section 10108: Alien SNAP eligibility Executive Summary Section 10108 narrows Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program eligibility for noncitizens by rewriting section 6(f) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008. After this change, a household member must be a U.S. resident and must fall into one of four categories to…